Shuang-ren Zhao
Mutualenergy.org London ontario, Canada
Publications
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Research Article
Photons with Scalar Fields Should Exist
Author(s): Shuang-ren Zhao*
The author believes that scalar photons should exist. Scalar photons are photons corresponding to scalar fields φ. This type of photon is different from the photons we usually understand, as they correspond to the vector potential A.This paper explores the theory of mutual energy flow within the framework of the Helmholtz equation, proposing a novel interpretation of particle-like energy transfer through the interaction of retarded and advanced waves. Traditional electromagnetic and quantum theories describe energy flow via self-energy flow (e.g., Poynting vector or probability current density), which fails to localize energy transfer. In contrast, mutual energy flow arises from the synchronized interaction between a retarded wave emitted by a source and an advanced wave emitted by a sink, forming a localized energy channel. We demonstrate that the Helmholtz equation must be modif.. Read More»