Revised Edition of Mass, Energy and Space-Time: On the Wave-Particle Duality, Planck’s Constant and the Rest Mass of Photon

Abstract

Chana Pongpothakul, Nawapol Bourin and Pairoj Vajchamanant

Based on the concept of space–time constraint that space-time itself imposes a constraint on a particle by producing resistive constraint force during the particle motion, it can be noticed that the impulse of the constraint force is in balance with the impulse in velocity-directed or parallel component of the inertial force. With interpretation of the relationship between impulse and momentum change in the context of wave-particle duality, this work proposes a speculative theoretical framework explaining the behavior of a point-mass particle moving at velocity approaching the speed of light. In this framework, the impulse in the perpendicular direction to the velocity will cause the particle an angular momentum along with wave momentum associated with the space-time entity. This wave momentum represents the wave energy transmitted into space-time. For the particle that can travel at speed of light, such as photon, the wave energy occurs in discrete integer cycles, each rotational cycle corresponds to a quantum of energy, which may be identified with Planck’s constant. The coexistence of particle momentum and wave momentum suggests that the particle-like and the wave-like properties manifest simultaneously. In addition, the proposed concept gives new perspectives in quantum physics as follows:

1. Planck’s constant (h) represents the difference in photon energy between successive rotational cycles for unit time, equal to 2πm*0c2 (Joule) in one second, where is the photon rest mass.

2. The photon rest mass is approximately equal to 1.17 × 10⁻⁵¹ kg.

3. The fundamental angular velocity of photon is equal to 1 rad/s.

PDF