Lymphatic Filariasis and Schistosomiasis Co-Infection in Ilorin Metropolis, Kwara State Nigeria

Abstract

Prosper Omah*, Onyebiguwa Patrick Goddey Nmorsi and Andy Ogochukwu Egwunyenga

Objectives: The study aimed at the prevalence and possible interaction of schistosomiasis and LF co-infection in Ilorin metropolis.

Methods: Schistosomiasis and LF were investigated using standard methods. The study was carried out in Ilorin Metropolis which consists of three Local Government Areas – Ilorin West, East and South in Kwara State. A sample populations of five thousand eight hundred and fifty (5850) Urine, stools and blood samples were collected from the participants from Ilorin metropolis and investigated in order to determine the prevalence of Schistosomiasis and Lymphatic filariasis and their co-infections A questionnaire consisting of different sections relevant to Schistosomiasis and LF were issued to each participant to obtain information on demographic data. Data were double-entered and cross-checked using Microsoft excel 2016 and computer-based software programme SPSS version 20 (statisti- cal package for social science). Data were analysed using Chi square to test the infected and uninfected.

Result: A total of five thousand eight hundred and fifty (5850) urine, stool and blood samples were collected in the study area from all the selected locations and examined. A total of nine hundred 900(46.2%) urine sample were infected from the inhabitants and were found positive with ova of S haematobium. Six hundred 600(30.8%) stool samples were infected and were found positive for S. mansoni ova while 450(23.1%) blood samples were infected with Wuchereria bancrofti and were found positive. Multiple infection occurred among the subject was common 53(13.4) of subjects were positive for SM also had SH in age >10 as the highest prevalence while co-infection of LF and SH recorded 4(0.21) prevalence, LF and SM recorded 1(0.05) prevalence while 4(0.21) of the subject had the three parasites. The age- specific patterns in the prevalence of infection indicated that the infection cut across all the age bracket with the age group 11-20 recorded the highest prevalence rate of 377(58.0%) for S haematobium out of 650 individual examined,294(45.2%) for S.mansoni out of 650 individual examined with slight difference compared with other age ranges studied The male subject have an overall high- est prevalence rate in the study areas 508 (51.8%) than their female counterparts 392(40.0%) in S.haematobium out of 980 samples examined , 334(34.1%) males and 266(20.7%) female for S mansoni out of 970 samples examined ,253(25.8%) males and 197(20.3%) females for LF due to W.bancrofti .out of 980 and 970 samples examined respectively. The prevalence of schistosomiasis and LF in five (5) occupational groups, shows that Children whose parent occupation was farming recorded the highest rate of prevalence with 345(88.5%) for SH,150(38.5%) for SM,63(41.8%) while least prevalence rate were among children whose father occupation was civil servant with 80(20.5),73(18.7%),53(13.6%). for SH,SM, and LF respectively. Out of Twelve (12) locations used in the study area, Eight (8)) were infected with schistosomiasis infection and LF. The highest individual infected with schistosoma species were those living in Zango with 146(89.5) for SH and 100(61.3) while those living in Oloje recorded the highest rate of prevalence 112(69.1) for LF.. This was closely followed by those living in Alalubosa with 125(77.2),89(54.9 ) for SH and SM respectively while 106(65.0) for LF. Followed by Balogun Fulani with 118(72.4), 78(47.9) for SH and SM respectively and Okoka 88(54.0) for LF. Oloje records the least number of prevalence with 90(55.5),42(25.9) for SH and SM respectively while Alalubosa recorded the least rate of prevalence 66(40.7) for LF.

Conclusion: This finding suggest that co-infections are common in Ilorin metropolis of Kwara State, Nigeria. Children who were infect- ed with schistosomiasis have equal chances of being infected as with LF as they increase in age.

HTML PDF