Hybrid PV-Geo-Aerothermal System for Self-Sufficient Energy Buildings

Abstract

Carlos Armenta-Deu

This article analyzes the feasibility of a self-sufficient domestic energy installation powered by a hybrid renewable energy system consisting of a photovoltaic array and a domestic geothermal unit, supported by a battery bank to compensate for energy imbalances during periods of supply deficit. Energy consumption includes an aerothermal heat pump for heating, air conditioning, and domestic hot water, as well as appliances and accessories for the house's current operation. The analysis includes experimental validation of the self-sufficient system, considering the overall annual energy balance. The study analyzes the daily evolution of energy consumption and supply to determine the distribution of the energy balance over a shorter period and obtain a more precise analysis. The experimental results show that the designed system achieves a zero-energy balance with an accuracy of 0.02% for the overall annual energy balance. The monthly evaluation of the daily energy balance verifies that the selected battery bank compensates for the daily energy imbalance between supply and demand. The system design demonstrates the feasibility of the installation, provided the dwelling has sufficient space for the photovoltaic array and the geothermal unit. In the case studied, a 75 m2 roof and a 50 m2 plot of land provide enough space for a 26-panel photovoltaic array of 425 W each and a 3-kW geothermal unit for thermal energy supply.

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