The Efficacy of Probiotic Supplementations on Glycemic Control, Lipid Profile, In-flammation Biomarkers and Anthropometric Measurements Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Abstract

Labban L

Background: Probiotics was defined as living organisms by the World Health Organization. These organisms when consumed as in food items or in the form of supplements, can lead to improvements in the health status of the host. Disturbances of intestinal biology contribute to the development of DM. Many trials have shown that the gut microbiome plays a role in the etiology and progression of type 1 and type 2 diabetes and its complications. This trial was designed to identify the effects of multi-species of probiotic supplementation on fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, inflammatory biomarkers, and in type 2 diabetic patients. Participants and methods: 65 type 2 diabetics were divided into 2 groups T (trial) and C (control) or placebo. The T group received daily one capsule of 14 differnt species of probiotic and C group received capsules filled with roasted ground chickpea. Fasting blood glucose, Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNFα) and C Reactive Protein (CRP), HDLC, LDLC, TG, TC levels were measured and anthropometric measurements such as weight, height, waist circumference and BMI were recorded at beginning and the end of the study which lasted for 10 weeks.

Results and discussion: In the probiotic group, fasting plasma glucose decreased significantly (P <0.05) compared to the control group, 131.1 ± 10.1 vs 145.7 ± 9.8 (mg/dL). Furthermore, a significant reduction was also apparent TC level in the trial group before and after supplementation (184 ± 31 vs 199 ± 21 ) the difference was significant (P < 0.05). The group which received probiotic also showed significant reduction in TG (P < 0.05) compare to control group ( 128 ± 23 vs 1 1 ± 32 respectively). Also, the LDL value, significantly reduced in the probiotic compared to the control group 137 ± 30 and 149 ± 31 ( P < 0.05). Probiotic supplementation significantly increased HDL 41 ± 13 vs 29.8 ± 12 (P < 0.05). Significant differences (P <0.05) in the serum levels of inflammatory markers at the end of the study were observed. Probiotic supplementation decreases CRP (mg/dL) levels and TNFa (pg/ml) (2.11± 4.3 vs 1.68 ± 3.33 and 2.51 ±2.3 vs 2.31 ± 3.6 respectively).. A significant reduction in TNF-α level was observed. The level was 6.8 5.6 ± at the beginning of the trial and reduced to 5.4± 5.1 whereas in the control group TNF-α levels were 5.6 ± 7.6 and 5.6 ± 7.8 at the beginning and at the end of the study respectively .Probiotics supplementations reduced significantly (P <0.05(BMI of participants in trial group (27.6 ± 5.2 vs 33.8 ± 10.1).

Conclusion: The results obtained from this study suggest that probiotic supplementation may have positive effects and can be considered as method to control glucose levels, lipids, inflammatory biomarkers, and reduce body weight in type 2 diabetic patients.

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