Integrating Indigenous Knowledge and Modern Agronomic Practices for Sustainable Horticulture: Lessons from Smallholder Communities in Mvurwi, Zimbabwe

Abstract

Robert Chirima

Smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe’s Mvurwi region have long relied on Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) to sustain horticultural production. However, increasing climate variability, soil depletion, and market pressures have exposed the limitations of relying solely on traditional or modern agronomic approaches. This study addressed the gap by examining how integrating IKS with modern practices could promote sustainable horticulture. The research sought to determine how the blending of indigenous methods and scientific smallholder horticultural systems. A qualitative case study design was employed, involving 30 participants comprising elders, smallholder farmers, and local extension officers. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and participant observation. Thematic analysis was applied to identify key integration practices, while descriptive statistics summarized adoption trends and perceived outcomes.

The findings revealed that combining IKS—such as intercropping, organic composting, and indigenous pest control— with modern practices like hybrid seed use, drip irrigation, and greenhouse technologies led to higher yields, improved soil fertility, and reduced input costs. Farmers also reported strengthened cultural identity and community cooperation. Key challenges included limited policy recognition of IKS and generational skepticism towards traditional methods. The study demonstrated that hybrid horticultural systems grounded in both IKS and modern agronomy foster sustainability, resilience, and community empowerment in Mvurwi’s smallholder sector. This research contributes to agricultural and horticultural scholarship by evidencing the value of integrating indigenous and modern knowledge. It aligns with the journal’s scope by offering practical, culturally informed strategies for sustainable horticultural development in Africa and beyond.

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