Industrial Sewing Stitch Classification: A Technical Review Aligned with ISO 4915 and ASTM D6193 Standards

Abstract

Nur Ul Hayder Chowdhury*

Stitch classification is a critical factor in determining seam behavior, garment longevity, and production consistency within apparel manufacturing. Variations in stitch selection often create quality deviations and mechanical weaknesses. This study reviews the six stitch classes defined in ISO 4915 and interpreted through ASTM D6193, examining how thread paths, interlacing mechanisms, and fabric interactions shape mechanical performance. The comparison shows that lockstitches provide controlled structural strength, chainstitches and coverstitches deliver elasticity for dynamic fabrics, and overedge stitches support effective edge stabilization. Results indicate that selecting the appropriate stitch depends on fabric properties, seam function, and expected load. The review offers a practical engineering perspective that supports more reliable seam construction and improved process efficiency.

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