Establishing the Anti-Hyperglycemic Potency of Ethanol Extract of Moringa Oleifera Leaf on albino rat: Focusing on Optimization of Biomarkers of Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

Patrick Udofia, Philippa C. Ojimelukwe, Anthony Ukom, Olusegun Olaoye and Mfonobong Ekanem

In this study, the antihyperglycemic activity of ethanol extract of the leaf of Moringa oleifera (MO) was investigated. It was aimed at ascertaining the efficacy of MO ethanolic extract as an antihyperglycemic agent. To achieve the aims, streptozotocin (STZ) induced type 2 diabetic rats were treated with iterative levels of the plant ethanolic extract (X1). The time of exposure (X2) of the rats to the extract and time of storage of the leaf sample before extraction (X3) were monitored. Handling and the treatment of the rats followed strict adherence to the guidelines of the Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals. The biomarkers of type 2 diabetes in the rats were esti- mated using standard methods. Optimization analysis on the data revealed that 100% of the plant extract would require 41.84 days of exposure of the rats to the plant extract to reverse streptozotocin induced diabetes. The potency of the shade dried leaves would be retained up to 50days of storage and would produce 106.76mg/dl of blood glucose, 158.49 g of body weight, 6.85% (as red blood count), 166.64 mg/mL, 20.00 mg/mL of MDA, 0.556 g of kidney at 53.0% desirability. It was observed that the extract exhibited ameliorative effect on the diabetic biomarkers of the rats. From the results, it could be concluded that ethanol extract of the M. oleifera can retain the anti-hyperglycemic activity and safety claims. However, more work needs to be carried out with higher doses and longer exposure time of the extract in animal models and possibly human volunteers, to extend the research to clinical studies.

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