Determinants of Hepatitis B Virus Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Visit at Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in Central Ethiopia Region

Abstract

Elias Ezo*, Meskerem Teketel, Lidiya Teshale, Wubishet Gezimu, Asnakech Zekiwos, Taye Mezgebu, Getachew Ossabo, Elias Nigusu, Bethlehem Birhanu, Sentayehu Admasu1 and Awoke Girma

Objective: To identify the determinants of the Hepatitis B virus among pregnant women attending antenatal care visits at Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in Central Ethiopia Region, 2023.

Methods: A hospital-based unmatched case-control study design was conducted from July 3 to December 29/2023. The total sample size was 249 (166 controls and 83 cases). A systematic random sampling technique was used. Data were entered using Epi data 3.1 version and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Multicollinearity was checked by considering a variance inflation factor of greater than 10 and a tolerance of less than 0.05. The goodness of fit test was checked by using the Hosmer- Lemeshow goodness of fit test. Binary logistic regression analysis was done, and variables with a p-value of < 0.25 in the bivariable analysis were taken into the multivariable analysis. Statistical significance was declared at a p-value of < 0.05 with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

Result: In this study, being rural residence [AOR 5.74, 95%CI: 1.94-16.95] having poor knowledge about Hepatitis B virus [AOR 0.15, 95%CI: 0.07-0.34], having a history of abortion [AOR 4.56, 95%CI: 1.66-12.53], having a history of female genital mutilation [AOR 5.29, 95%CI: 2.52-11.09], having history of sexually transmitted infection [AOR 4.62, 95%CI: 1.26- 16.97], and having history of contact with a jaundice person [AOR 6.43, 95%CI: 1.53-26.94] were significantly associated.

Conclusion: In this study, residence, knowledge about Hepatitis B virus, history of abortion, history of female genital mutilation, history of sexually transmitted infection, and history of contact with a jaundiced person were found to be significant determinants of Hepatitis B virus infection. Therefore, creating awareness about the Hepatitis B virus, practicing safe abortion, avoiding female genital mutilation, preventing sexually transmitted infections, and avoiding unnecessary contact with a jaundiced person may minimize the burden of Hepatitis B virus.

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