AI Chatbots in Medical and Mental Healthcare: A Provider-Focused Review of Benefits, Risks, and Applications

Abstract

Sangeeta Singg* and Gabriella Pena

AI chatbots have become an integral part of medical and mental health care. They offer a range of benefits, including helping patients check symptoms, learn about their conditions, and navigate healthcare services. In mental health, these tools can provide emotional support, track mood, and guide coping strategies. Such functions may encourage patient engagement and allow for more personalized advice, while being available 24/7, a feature especially useful for individuals managing longterm conditions. However, there are limitations to consider. Chatbots may give inaccurate assessments and raise privacy concerns. Some users might over-rely on these systems or develop emotional attachments that could reduce meaningful human interactions, which is central to quality care. Recent cases of harm illustrate the need for careful monitoring, ethical safeguards, and clear communication with patients and families about the capabilities and limits of these tools. Ultimately, the safe and effective use of chatbots depends on collaboration among governments, developers, and clinicians, ensuring that they support professional care rather than replace it.

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