A Comparative Study of Dexamethasone as an Adjuvant to Bupivacaine Versus Bupivacaine Alone in Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block for Postoperative Analgesia in Upper Limb Surgeries
Abstract
Dr. Saumil H Shah, Dr. Mitali G. Patel, Dr. Vishwa Patel and Dr. Tanmay Prasad
Background: Effective postoperative pain control is essential for early recovery and improved patient outcomes. Supraclavicular brachial plexus block is a reliable regional anaesthesia technique for upper limb surgeries. Although Bupivacaine provides long-acting anaesthesia, its duration is limited. Dexamethasone has been used as an adjuvant to prolong analgesia and improve block quality.
Objectives: To compare the effects of adding Dexamethasone to Bupivacaine versus Bupivacaine alone in supraclavicular brachial plexus block regarding onset, duration of block, postoperative analgesia, and safety.
Methods: This prospective randomized study included 60 patients (ASA I–II) undergoing elective upper limb surgeries. Patients were divided into two groups: Group B received Bupivacaine alone, while Group D received Bupivacaine with Dexamethasone. Onset and duration of sensory and motor block, duration of analgesia, hemodynamic parameters, and complications were assessed.
Results: The Dexamethasone group showed faster onset and significantly prolonged sensory and motor blockade, along with extended postoperative analgesia. Hemodynamic stability was maintained, and no significant complications occurred.
Conclusion: Dexamethasone is a safe and effective adjuvant that enhances block quality and prolongs analgesia in supraclavicular brachial plexus block.