Jean Paul Muambangu Milambo
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Mbuji-Mayi, Democratic, Republic of the Congo
Publications
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Research Article
Uncovering the Drivers of Ebola Virus Disease Resurgence in DRC: A Root Cause Analysis of the 16th Outbreak in Mwaka, Kasai Province (2025)
Author(s): Jean Paul Muambangu Milambo*
Background: The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) experienced its 16th Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak in 2025, centered in the Bulape Health Zone of Kasai Province. This outbreak occurred amid multiple concurrent epidemics and in a region with limited health infrastructure. Genomic sequencing revealed a new zoonotic spillover, genetically related to the 1976 Yambuku strain. Methods: A Root Cause Analysis (RCA) was conducted using the “5 Whys” framework, integrating epidemiological data, genomic analysis, and surveillance reports. Key contributing factors to delayed detection and response were identified. Com- parative insights were drawn from the 2018–2020 North Kivu EVD outbreak. Results: The outbreak resulted in 28 confirmed, probable, or suspected cases and 15 deaths, including four he.. Read More»