When Science Meets Scripture: The Super-Puff Earth as Cosmological Bridge

Abstract

Hamid A. Rafizadeh

The recognition that Earth has existed in two distinct forms—its current interglacial state and a past super-puff configuration— has introduced a transformative perspective in planetary science. Among the emerging developments is the alignment between scientific observations of distant super-puff exoplanets and ancient knowledge of Earth’s super-puff state preserved in sacred texts. While astronomy identifies super-puffs through empirical data from exoplanetary systems, sacred texts appear to encode observational models developed directly from experiencing a shelled Earth. This article positions such texts as potential repositories of planetary data with scientific relevance. By analyzing the structure and content of Genesis 1, we illustrate a direct correspondence between sacred narrative and astrophysical models of super-puff planets. This interdisciplinary synthesis is examined using a seven-dimension, three-group model of the religion–science interface. While the analysis reveals substantial commonalities between the two domains, it concludes that meaningful integration is not possible. Nonetheless, the study advances societal understanding of Earth’s dual planetary states and provides important insights for long-term human adaptation and sustainability.

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