Regulatory Role of Plant-Based Biostimulants in Chlorophyll Biosynthesis and Endogenous Hormone Regulation in Plants

Abstract

Abdullah Al Mamun, Shabiha Tasbir Rahman and Salman Khan

Plant-based bio-stimulants offer a sustainable approach to enhancing plant growth by influencing physiological processes such as chlorophyll biosynthesis and hormone regulation. This study investigates the effects of aqueous leaf extracts from Justicia gendarussa, Osmunda regalis, and Senna occidentalis on chlorophyll content and endogenous hormone levels in rice (Oryza sativa) plants. Seeds were treated with varying extract concentrations (10%, 20%, and 50%) and analyzed after four weeks. Results showed a significant, dose-dependent increase in chlorophyll a and b content, with J. gendarussa at 100% concentration yielding the highest chlorophyll a (7.21 mg/g) and chlorophyll b (3.23 mg/g) levels. Endogenous hormone levels were also ele- vated, with J. gendarussa treatment resulting in auxin (12.53 μg/g), gibberellin (9.63 μg/g), and cytokinin (6.57 μg/g) concen- trations. ANOVA confirmed the statistical significance of both plant type and extract concentration on chlorophyll and hormone levels (p < 0.05). These findings highlight the potential of these natural extracts, particularly J. gendarussa, as eco-friendly bio-stimulants for improving rice plant physiology and promoting sustainable agriculture.

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