Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Staphylococcus Aureus And Escherchia Coli Isolates of Bovine Mastitis And Associated Risk Actors in Shashemene Town, Ethiopia

Abstract

Fikre Birhanu Balcha, Mishamo Sulayeman and Sultan Abda Neja

The study was conducted from January 2021-July 2021 to assess the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility of S. aureus and E. coli isolates of bovine mastitis and associated risk actors in Shashemene town. In this study, following clinical examination and CMT screening test conducted on purposely selected 76 lactating cows. Milk samples from CMT-positive cases were aseptically collected and S. aureus and E .coli isolates were identified. Finally, an antibiotic sensitivity test was conducted on isolates. The overall prevalence of mastitis was 63.16% (n=48) of which 9 (11.84%) and 39 (51.32%) were clinical and subclinical mastitis. From a total of milk samples collected per cow, 22 (45.83%) S. aureus and 7 (14.58%) E. coli were isolated. S. aureus was resistant to Penicillin G (77.3%), Ampicillin (90%), Oxytetracycline (50%), and Erythromycin (54.5%) while E. coli isolates were found to be 100% resistant to penicillin G, Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, followed by Streptomycin (85.7%) and Cefotaxime (57.1%). The key factors associated with mastitis and drug resistance are parity, age, house hygiene, udder hygiene, and related management practices. In conclusion, the present study indicated that mastitis is a great problem in the study area and multi-drug resistant isolates are circulating. Hence, the factors contributing to the high prevalence and drug resistance developments need to be avoided in dairy farms. On top of this, alternative treatment options and drug preparations need to be considered for the treatment of bovine mastitis.

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