Phytochemical, Cardio and Renal protective potentials of Peeled and Unpeeledtuber ofIpomoea batatas Lams(Sweet potato) Supplemented Diet on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Albino Rats

Abstract

Finian U. Okore, Friday O. Uhegbu, Chidi I. Nosiri, Wisdom E. Onwuasoanya, Chibuike V. Edom, Stanley U. Alugbuo and Amarachi C. Chikezie

This study investigated the phytochemical composition, cardio and renal protective potentials of Ipomoea batatas (sweet potato) peeled and unpeeled tuber in streptozotocin – induced diabetic male albino rats. The GC-MS analysis showed the presences of n-Hexadecanoic acid (19.38%) in the peeled tuber and (14.13%) in the unpeeled tuber as the highest. 2-Ethylacridine was the least in the tuber (0.46%). Isopropylhydroxylamine, 2- Bromoethyl methyl sulphide and 1-tetradecyl acetate are least in abundance in the unpeeled tuber. A total of 45 assumed healthy male albino rats were randomly distributed into nine groups of 5 animals each.. Diabetes was induced in groups 2-9 through intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60mg/kg). The animals were fed diets supplemented with different percentages (10%, 20%, 30%) of sweet potato peeled and unpeeled tuber combinations respectively for 21 days. The group 1 (normal control); group 2 (diabetic fed normal rat pellets), group 3 (diabetic, treated with standard drug metformin and glibeneclamide at 50mg/mL and 0.5mg/mL). Groups 4-6 and 7-9 were fed the peeled tuber and unpeeled tuber supplemented diet respectively. After 21 days the animals were sacrificed, blood collected by cardiac puncture and analyzed for cardiac and renal biomarkers. .The test groups fed sweet potato supplemented diets (peeled tuber) at 10%-30% inclusion showed a significant (P<0.05) reduction in the LDH and CPK, restored electrolyte balance, (Na+, K+, Cl−). Bicarbonate (HCO3−) compare to the negative control. The unpeeled tuber test groups showed a more significant (P<0.05) reduction in the LDH and CPK when compared to the negative control. The supplemented diet had therapeutic effect and showed cardio and renal protective potentials

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