Global Supply Chain Disruptions and Economic Impacts

Abstract

Adaobi Ndukaji

Global supply chains are the backbone of international trade, connecting producers, suppliers, and consumers across the world. However, recent events such as the COVID-19 pandemic, geopolitical tensions, and climate-related disasters have highlighted the fragility of these networks. This study explores the causes of supply chain disruptions, their immediate and long-term economic impacts, and strategies businesses can adopt to enhance resilience. The research employs a combination of qualitative case analysis and quantitative economic data to examine how supply chain disturbances influence trade flows, production efficiency, market stability, and corporate profitability. Findings reveal that disruptions not only slow logistical operations but also have far-reaching consequences for inflation, employment, and global economic growth. The study concludes with recommendations for diversifying sourcing, adopting digital supply chain technologies, and implementing risk management frameworks to mitigate future disruptions.

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