Frequency Distribution of Bone metastasis in Breast cancer: A retrospective study in Khartoum Oncology Hospital 2019

Abstract

Mosab Ahmed Abker Adam, Noura Mohamed Hassan Mohamed, Alaa Othman, Awadalkareim Gasmalla and Wagas Abbas Mohamed Ahmed Mansour

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is a common cancer in women worldwide and leading cause of bone metastasis (BM). This study reveals the incidence of bone metastases and the most frequent BM sites secondary to BC in Khartoum Oncology Hospital.

Materials and method: Retrospective study in Khartoum oncology hospital of medical record from January 2019 to September 2019. Demographic and clinical information extracted from the medical records of eligible patients in the last 5 years 2015-2019 included age, sex, social habits, duration of breast cancer, duration of treatment and location of bone metastasis. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS, Version 22.0. (IBM, USA).

Results: From all patients diagnosed with BC, 3.03% had developed BM out of whom 50% of patients developed bone metastases in 2-5 years of diagnosis of BC and 39.7% in less than 2 year of diagnosis. The median age was 54 years (range 28-78). The most common site is lumbar vertebrae (48.8%), followed by thoracic vertebrae (32.9%), pelvis 34 (32.9%), sternum (27.1%), ribs (25.7%), femur (15.7%), skull (15.7%), clavicle (14.3%), sacral vertebrae (14.3%), cervical vertebrae (12.8%), hummers (11.4%), and tibia (4.3%). Right side BC contribute to 57.1% of BM whereas left side BC to 40%. The duration of BC significantly correlates to number of distant bone metastases (P = 0.006).

Conclusion: The most common site of BM in BC patients is lumbar vertebrae, the duration of BC affects development of BM, Exploring the knowledge of patient populations prone to develop bone metastasis helps in further intervention and management.

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