inner-banner-bg

International Journal of Natural Sciences and Interdisciplinary Research(IJNSIR)

ISSN: 3143-1046 | DOI: 10.33140/IJNSIR

Review Article - (2026) Volume 1, Issue 2

The Promised Lands and End-Time Events: Rome; Mashhad and Mecca

Alireza Sepehri *
 
Sepehr Mohaghegh Kosar, Mashhad, Iran
 
*Corresponding Author: Alireza Sepehri, Sepehr Mohaghegh Kosar, Mashhad, Iran

Received Date: Apr 15, 2026 / Accepted Date: May 08, 2026 / Published Date: May 20, 2026

Copyright: ©2026 Alireza Sepehri. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Citation: Sepehri, A. (2026). The Promised Lands and End-Time Events: Rome; Mashhad and Mecca. Int Nat Sci Int Rese, 1(2), 01-02.

Abstract

According to some evidence, the location of the Promised Land is mistakenly thought to be Palestine. According to the Torah, Mount Sinai, Mount Seir or Sa'ir, and Paran are three important lands that are the places of manifestation of light. According to the Quran and some evidence, such as the graves of the prophets of the Children of Israel, such as Shu'ayb, and the successors of Moses, such as Joshua, in Iran, and the possibility that Mashhad was built by another successor of Moses, it seems that Iran, and especially Mashhad, is one of the holy lands of the Children of Israel and perhaps their Promised Land. Of course, the Children of Israel are not limited to Jews, and according to some evidence, many Shiites living in Iran may be from the Children of Israel. There are speculations about the government of the Children of Israel, even Solomon, in Iran. From other side; the Quran explicitly mentions Rome, Italy, and considers Rome's victory a cause of joy for the believers. In addition, it seems that Fatima is mentioned in the Quran by the name of Zaytoun. It is highly likely that Seir in the Torah is a place in Europe, especially Rome. According to some predictions, it seems that the army of Christ, son of Mary, will move from Rome, Italy, and the army of Mahdi, son of Fatima and granddaughter of the Rom's King, will move from Iran/Khorasan and especially Mashhad and the two armies will join and unite in Paran, which is Mecca to confront the enemies of humanity in some points of world.

Keywords

Promised Lands, Torah, Quran, Khorasan, Rome, Mecca

Introduction

The Promised Land or Holy Land has a special significance in the culture of the Israelites [1-3]. This is the land that God promised the Israelites and in which they would find peace. Of course, a similar view exists in later religions such as Islam. For example, Mecca; Karbala; Mashhad and some other cities are known as holy lands. However, the religious view of a group of people is completely respected as long as it does not cause discomfort and annoyance to other people and the actual inhabitants of a land. Regardless of political issues; it seems that there has been a mistake in understanding holy books such as the Torah in determining the exact location of the Promised Land [4-8]. Of course, some mistakes may have occurred due to the personal interpretation of Jewish scholars entering the Holy Book of the Torah and mixing the words of God with the thoughts of these scholars[9-11].

In addition, the time gap between Moses and his explanation and explanation of God's commandments and the Torah and our time may have caused many facts to be lost. On the other hand, it seems that before the establishment of the Achaemenid government in Iran, a major disagreement occurred between the Jews and the other children of the Israelites, and this itself caused the Jews to separate from the Israelites, form their own independent government, and even change the Torah to suit their own tastes. In this article, for the first time, we raise and examine the possibilities that the Promised Land is not Palestine and that the Children of Israel are not exclusively Jews, and we try to provide reasons [8-14]. Of course, we admit that many questions remain and that many researchers and thinkers must work on this issue.

The Children of Israel in Iran

The existence of the graves of the prophets of the Children of Israel in Iran shows that there is a close connection between this people and the people of Iran. In fact, perhaps some of the inhabitants of Iran are Children of Israel without knowing it themselves. Jacob or Israel had many children, only one of whom, Judah, was the father of the present-day Jews, and other children of Israel, such as Levi, Joseph, Benjamin and others, had many children.

The existence of Shuaib's tomb in Iran and in Khorasan near Mashhad strengthens the possibility that Moses came to Iran after he decided to flee from Pharaoh's soldiers [13]. Iran was very far from Egypt and the possibility of Pharaoh's soldiers reaching him was zero. In Iran, Moses marries Shuaib's daughter. After a long time, Moses and his family were about to return when they encountered something resembling fire on the way. God spoke to Moses through this fire. Perhaps this incident was the reason why ancient Iranians and Zoroastrians considered fire sacred. In fact, Zoroastrianism may have been inspired by and continued from the religion of Moses. On the other hand; certainly, the place where God spoke to Moses must be the Holy Land. Perhaps this land is the Promised Land of the Israelites. It is likely that in this place; God gave the commandments to Moses and revealed the Torah. This place could be Mount Sinai. This land could be close to the grave of Shu'ayb in Iran . It seems that this Holy Land is the plain of Mashhad. Later, the city of Mashhad was built by a person named Dhul-Qarnayn, who was probably one of the successors of Moses.

Moses gives the Israelites the good news that after being freed from Pharaoh's soldiers, he will take them to a safe place. This safe place, which does not obey Pharaoh, could be Iran. The Israelites thought that they should enter the Holy Land by fighting. But Moses' successors entered the Holy Land by making friends and without fighting. The graves of some of them, such as Joshua ibn Nun, are in Iran. There is even evidence that Solomon ruled in Iran. For example, the grave of Solomon's mother is in Shiraz.

Perhaps after Solomon's death; the Jews separated from the Israelites and established the Jewish state in Palestine. The rest of the Israelites also lived in Iran. Perhaps the reason why this part of Iranian history has been lost until now is because of some policies to declare Palestine as the Promised Land and the Jews as the sole heirs of the Children of Israel. But the truth is that it is very likely that a significant part of the Children of Israel resides in Iran and their religion is Islam or Christianity. Of course, it is possible that some of the Children of Israel traveled to Yemen and Europe during the time of the Queen of Sheba.

Rome Italy

In the Quran; the city of Rome is mentioned and the victory of the people of this city is considered a cause of joy for the believers [12]. But the question is, what is the reason for the importance of the city of Rome? The answer is probably that the mother of the Mahdi, who is the current Imam of the Shiites, is the granddaughter of the king of Rome. According to Shiite culture, inheritance is passed down more from the mother, and therefore the Mahdi is known as the son of Rome. In fact, the army of Rome is the same as the army of the Mahdi. But since the people of Rome believe that Christians, it is very likely that Christ, as the commander of the army of Rome, will move from this city and the army of the Mahdi will move from Khorasan, and the two armies will meet and unite in Mecca. Then Christ and the Mahdi will fight the enemies of humanity who are based in Palestine and some other countries and save the world. For this reason, Seir in the Torah probably refers to Rome.

Of course, Fatima, the place where the Holy Mary appeared, or Fatima, the daughter of the Prophet of Islam, is also holy and is probably mentioned in the Quran under the name Zaytoun.

Conclusion

In the Torah, Mount Sinai, Seir and Paran are mentioned as places of manifestation of light. The existence of a large number of graves of the prophets of the Children of Israel, such as Shuaib and some of his successors in Iran, and the construction of Mashhad by one of the successors of Moses, indicates that Mount Sinai may be located in Iran and Mashhad. The Quran's glorification of Rome, Italy, and its army in the end-time events and references to some places such as Fatima strengthen the possibility of Seir being located in Europe. On the other hand, according to some evidence, the army of Christ, son of Mary, from Rome will join the army of Mahdi, son of Fatima and granddaughter of the king of Rome from Khorasan/Mashhad in Mecca, which is Paran, and they will unite and fight the enemies of humanity, who are probably based in Palestine.

References