Advancements in Journal of Urology and Nephrology(AJUN)
ISSN: 2689-8616 | DOI: 10.33140/AJUN
Impact Factor: 1.0
Review Article - (2020) Volume 2, Issue 2
Comparison of Glucose Data and Phenomena from Two Different Measurement Methods (GH-Method: Math-Physical Medicine)
Received Date: Apr 10, 2020 / Accepted Date: Apr 14, 2020 / Published Date: Apr 28, 2020
Copyright: ©Gerald C Hsu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
This paper discusses glucose measurement results from two different methods, finger piercing and testing strip (Finger) and Libre’s continuous glucose monitoring system (Sensor).
Introduction
This paper discusses glucose measurement results from two different methods, finger piercing and testing strip (Finger) and Libre’s continuous glucose monitoring system (Sensor).
Method
The author has been collecting a total of 9,490 glucose data by finger measurement, including both fasting plasma glucose (FPG) once a day since 1/1/2014 (1,825 days) and postprandial plasma glucose (PPG) three times a day since 1/1/2012 (2,555 days).
Recently, he has further collected 17,046 glucose data by applying a sensor on his upper arm to collect his glucose values continuously. This sensor measurement is conducted in parallel with his routine finger measurements. During the period of 5/5/2018 to 12/31/2018 (241 days), he has recorded his sensor glucose values about 71 times per day. The measurement rate is approximately every 15 minutes during the day and every hour during the night. In summary, he has collected a total of 964 waveforms - 241 FPG and 723 PPG. Other waveforms generated between meals or from eating snack/fruit are not included in this analysis.
Results
Sensor’s Time of Peak Glucose:
60 minutes after the first bite of meal
PPG rising speed:
33 mg/dL per hour
PPG decaying speed:
20 mg/dL per hour (~ 60% of rising)
Finger’s Average FPG/PPG:
110/116 mg/dL (as 100% baseline)
Sensor’s Peak PPG & % over Finger:
159 mg/dL & 138% (+43 mg/dL)
Sensor’s Average PPG & % over Finger:
135 mg/dL & 117% (+19 mg/dL)
FPG (period - from 00:00 to 07:00):
Average FPG: 112 mg/dL,
Peak (crest): 122 mg/dL,
Valley (trough): 106 mg/dL,
Period of Trough (from 3am to 5am)
Conclusion
1. On average, the PPG peak occurs one hour after the first bite of meal, not two hours after.
2. PPG decaying speed is almost twice as slow than its rising speed.
3. Average Sensor’s PPG is 16% higher (+19 mg/dL) than the Average Finger’s PPG.
4. Peak Sensor’s PPG is 36% higher (+42 mg/dL) than the Average Finger’s PPG.
5. FPG wave is much calmer than PPG wave. FPG’s lowest trough range happens during deepest sleeping hours (3am to 5am) [1-5].
References
- Hsu, Gerald C. (2018) Using Math-Physical Medicine to Control T2D via Metabolism Monitoring and Glucose Predictions. Journal of Endocrinology and Diabetes 1: 1-6.
- Hsu Gerald C (2018) Using Math-Physical Medicine to Analyze Metabolism and Improve Health Conditions. Video presented at the meeting of the 3rd International Conference on Endocrinology and Metabolic Syndrome.
- Hsu Gerald C (2018) Using Signal Processing Techniques to Predict PPG for T2D. International Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders 3: 1-3.
- Hsu Gerald C (2018) Using Math-Physical Medicine and Artificial Intelligence Technology to Manage Lifestyle and Control Metabolic Conditions of T2D. International Journal of Diabetes & Its Complications 2: 1-7.
- Hsu Gerald C (2018) A Clinic Case of Using Math-Physical Medicine to Study the Probability of Having a Heart Attack or Stroke Based on Combination of Metabolic Conditions, Lifestyle, and Metabolism Index. Journal of Clinical Review & Case Reports 3: 1-2.