Genetics deals with the general structure, organization, replication, recombination, functional regulation and transmission of hereditary information in biological organisms and also includes studies of environmental factors that influence the genetic makeup and evolution of biological organisms. Studies in genetics range from basic molecular genetics to large-scale genomics at the organism level. Molecular biology focuses on immunology, microbiology, genetics, and cellular and subcellular biology. Studies on the decipherment of the structure and function of genetic materials, proteins and other metabolically active biochemical entities form the foundations of genetic and molecular biology that find great relevance in the effective and precise treatment of diseases, increasing the Crop production to meet demands. Genetic engineering is the latest evolutionary product of the field which focuses on building genetically modified organisms.